a

This tracks inode/device from the stat info and creates backward
compatible snapshots that allow preserving hardlinks. Backwards
compatibility is preserved by saving a virtual inode number index in the
Link field of the file entry. Since this field was previously only used
for symlinks, this won't break old versions. Additionally, the entry
data is cloned so restoration with an old version works.

Current limitations are primarility with restore. They include:
- no command line option to prevent hard link restore
- if a file has the immutable or append only flag it will be set before
hardlinks are restored, so hardlinking will fail.
- if a partial restore includes a hardlink but not the parent
directories the hardlink will fail.

These will be solved by grouping restore of hardlinks together
with file, prior to applying final metadata.

- if a file is changed and is being rewritten by a restore hardlinks are
not preserved.

go.mod

@@ -15,7 +15,6 @@ require (
 	github.com/gilbertchen/gopass v0.0.0-20170109162249-bf9dde6d0d2c
 	github.com/gilbertchen/highwayhash v0.0.0-20221109044721-eeab1f4799d8
 	github.com/gilbertchen/keyring v0.0.0-20221004152639-1661cbebc508
-	github.com/gilbertchen/xattr v0.0.0-20160926155429-68e7a6806b01
 	github.com/hirochachacha/go-smb2 v1.1.0
 	github.com/klauspost/compress v1.16.3
 	github.com/klauspost/reedsolomon v1.9.9

go.sum

@@ -47,8 +47,6 @@ github.com/gilbertchen/highwayhash v0.0.0-20221109044721-eeab1f4799d8 h1:ijgl4Y+
 github.com/gilbertchen/highwayhash v0.0.0-20221109044721-eeab1f4799d8/go.mod h1:0lQcVva56+L1PuUFXLOsJ6arJQaU0baIH8q+IegeBhg=
 github.com/gilbertchen/keyring v0.0.0-20221004152639-1661cbebc508 h1:SqTyk5KkNXp7zTdTttIZSDcTrL5uau4K/2OpKvgBZVI=
 github.com/gilbertchen/keyring v0.0.0-20221004152639-1661cbebc508/go.mod h1:w/pisxUZezf2XzU9Ewjphcf6q1mZtOzKPHhJiuc8cag=
-github.com/gilbertchen/xattr v0.0.0-20160926155429-68e7a6806b01 h1:LqwS9qL6SrDkp0g0iwUkETrDdtB9gTKaIbSn9imUq5o=
-github.com/gilbertchen/xattr v0.0.0-20160926155429-68e7a6806b01/go.mod h1:TMlibuxKfkdtHyltooAw7+DHqRpaXs9nxaffk00Sh1Q=
 github.com/go-sql-driver/mysql v1.5.0/go.mod h1:DCzpHaOWr8IXmIStZouvnhqoel9Qv2LBy8hT2VhHyBg=
 github.com/go-task/slim-sprig v0.0.0-20230315185526-52ccab3ef572 h1:tfuBGBXKqDEevZMzYi5KSi8KkcZtzBcTgAUUtapy0OI=
 github.com/goamz/goamz v0.0.0-20180131231218-8b901b531db8 h1:G1U0vew/vA/1/hBmf1XNeyIzJJbPFVv+kb+HPl6rj6c=

src/duplicacy_b2client.go

@@ -396,7 +396,7 @@ type B2ListFileNamesOutput struct {
 
 func (client *B2Client) ListFileNames(threadIndex int, startFileName string, singleFile bool, includeVersions bool) (files []*B2Entry, err error) {
 
-	maxFileCount := 1000
+	maxFileCount := 10_000
 	if singleFile {
 		if includeVersions {
 			maxFileCount = 4

src/duplicacy_backupmanager.go

@@ -703,8 +703,19 @@ func (manager *BackupManager) Restore(top string, revision int, inPlace bool, qu
 	var localEntry *Entry
 	localListingOK := true
 
+	type hardLinkEntry struct {
+		entry *Entry
+		willDownload bool
+	}
+	var hardLinkTable []hardLinkEntry
+	var hardLinks []*Entry
+
 	for remoteEntry := range remoteListingChannel {
 
+		if remoteEntry.IsHardlinkRoot() {
+			hardLinkTable = append(hardLinkTable, hardLinkEntry{remoteEntry, false})
+		}
+
 		if len(patterns) > 0 && !MatchPath(remoteEntry.Path, patterns) {
 			continue
 		}
@@ -742,8 +753,7 @@ func (manager *BackupManager) Restore(top string, revision int, inPlace bool, qu
 
 		fullPath := joinPath(top, remoteEntry.Path)
 		if remoteEntry.IsLink() {
-			stat, err := os.Lstat(fullPath)
+			if stat, _ := os.Lstat(fullPath); stat != nil {
-			if stat != nil {
 				if stat.Mode()&os.ModeSymlink != 0 {
 					isRegular, link, err := Readlink(fullPath)
 					if err == nil && link == remoteEntry.Link && !isRegular {
@@ -752,11 +762,16 @@ func (manager *BackupManager) Restore(top string, revision int, inPlace bool, qu
 					}
 				}
 
+				if !overwrite {
+					LOG_WERROR(allowFailures, "DOWNLOAD_OVERWRITE",
+						"File %s already exists.  Please specify the -overwrite option to overwrite", remoteEntry.Path)
+					continue
+				}
+
 				os.Remove(fullPath)
 			}
 
-			err = os.Symlink(remoteEntry.Link, fullPath)
+			if err := os.Symlink(remoteEntry.Link, fullPath); err != nil {
-			if err != nil {
 				LOG_ERROR("RESTORE_SYMLINK", "Can't create symlink %s: %v", remoteEntry.Path, err)
 				return 0
 			}
@@ -780,8 +795,24 @@ func (manager *BackupManager) Restore(top string, revision int, inPlace bool, qu
 					return 0
 				}
 			}
+			remoteEntry.RestoreEarlyDirFlags(fullPath)
 			directoryEntries = append(directoryEntries, remoteEntry)
 		} else {
+			if remoteEntry.IsHardlinkRoot() {
+				hardLinkTable[len(hardLinkTable)-1] = hardLinkEntry{remoteEntry, true}
+			} else if remoteEntry.IsHardlinkedFrom() {
+				i, err := strconv.ParseUint(remoteEntry.Link, 16, 64)
+				if err !=  nil {
+					LOG_ERROR("RESTORE_HARDLINK", "Decode error in hardlink entry, expected hex int, got %s", remoteEntry.Link)
+					return 0
+				}
+				if !hardLinkTable[i].willDownload {
+					hardLinkTable[i] = hardLinkEntry{remoteEntry, true}
+				} else {
+					hardLinks = append(hardLinks, remoteEntry)
+					continue
+				}
+			}
 			// We can't download files here since fileEntries needs to be sorted
 			fileEntries = append(fileEntries, remoteEntry)
 			totalFileSize += remoteEntry.Size
@@ -901,6 +932,17 @@ func (manager *BackupManager) Restore(top string, revision int, inPlace bool, qu
 		file.RestoreMetadata(fullPath, nil, setOwner)
 	}
 
+	for _, linkEntry := range hardLinks {
+		i, _ := strconv.ParseUint(linkEntry.Link, 16, 64)
+		sourcePath := joinPath(top, hardLinkTable[i].entry.Path)
+		fullPath := joinPath(top, linkEntry.Path)
+		LOG_INFO("RESTORE_HARDLINK", "Hard linking %s to %s", fullPath, sourcePath)
+		if err := os.Link(sourcePath, fullPath); err != nil {
+			LOG_ERROR("RESTORE_HARDLINK", "Failed to create hard link %s to %s", fullPath, sourcePath)
+			return 0
+		}
+	}
+
 	if deleteMode && len(patterns) == 0 {
 		// Reverse the order to make sure directories are empty before being deleted
 		for i := range extraFiles {
@@ -1052,8 +1094,13 @@ func (manager *BackupManager) UploadSnapshot(chunkOperator *ChunkOperator, top s
 
 	lastEndChunk := 0
 
-	uploadEntryInfoFunc := func(entry *Entry) error {
+	type hardLinkEntry struct {
+		entry *Entry
+		startChunk int
+	}
+	var hardLinkTable []hardLinkEntry
 
+	uploadEntryInfoFunc := func(entry *Entry) error {
 		if entry.IsFile() && entry.Size > 0 {
 			delta := entry.StartChunk - len(chunkHashes) + 1
 			if entry.StartChunk != lastChunk {
@@ -1071,10 +1118,38 @@ func (manager *BackupManager) UploadSnapshot(chunkOperator *ChunkOperator, top s
 			entry.StartChunk -= delta
 			entry.EndChunk -= delta
 
+			if entry.IsHardlinkRoot() {
+				LOG_DEBUG("SNAPSHOT_UPLOAD", "Hard link root %s %v %v", entry.Path, entry.StartChunk, entry.EndChunk)
+				hardLinkTable = append(hardLinkTable, hardLinkEntry{entry, entry.StartChunk})
+			}
+
 			delta = entry.EndChunk - entry.StartChunk
 			entry.StartChunk -= lastEndChunk
 			lastEndChunk = entry.EndChunk
 			entry.EndChunk = delta
+		} else if entry.IsHardlinkedFrom() {
+			i, err := strconv.ParseUint(entry.Link, 16, 64)
+			if err !=  nil {
+				LOG_ERROR("SNAPSHOT_UPLOAD", "Decode error in hardlink entry, expected hex int, got %s", entry.Link)
+				return err
+			}
+
+			targetEntry := hardLinkTable[i].entry
+			var startChunk, endChunk int
+
+			if targetEntry.Size > 0 {
+				startChunk = hardLinkTable[i].startChunk - lastEndChunk
+				endChunk = targetEntry.EndChunk
+			}
+			entry = entry.HardLinkTo(targetEntry, startChunk, endChunk)
+
+			if targetEntry.Size > 0 {
+				lastEndChunk = hardLinkTable[i].startChunk + endChunk
+			}
+
+			LOG_DEBUG("SNAPSHOT_UPLOAD", "Uploading cloned hardlink for %s to %s (%v %v)", entry.Path, targetEntry.Path, startChunk, endChunk)
+		} else if entry.IsHardlinkRoot() {
+			hardLinkTable = append(hardLinkTable, hardLinkEntry{entry, 0})
 		}
 
 		buffer.Reset()
@@ -1194,6 +1269,7 @@ func (manager *BackupManager) RestoreFile(chunkDownloader *ChunkDownloader, chun
 					LOG_ERROR("DOWNLOAD_CREATE", "Failed to create the file %s for in-place writing: %v", fullPath, err)
 					return false, nil
 				}
+				entry.RestoreEarlyFileFlags(existingFile)
 
 				n := int64(1)
 				// There is a go bug on Windows (https://github.com/golang/go/issues/21681) that causes Seek to fail
@@ -1377,6 +1453,7 @@ func (manager *BackupManager) RestoreFile(chunkDownloader *ChunkDownloader, chun
 				return false, nil
 			}
 		}
+		entry.RestoreEarlyFileFlags(existingFile)
 
 		existingFile.Seek(0, 0)
 
@@ -1459,6 +1536,7 @@ func (manager *BackupManager) RestoreFile(chunkDownloader *ChunkDownloader, chun
 			LOG_ERROR("DOWNLOAD_OPEN", "Failed to open file for writing: %v", err)
 			return false, nil
 		}
+		entry.RestoreEarlyFileFlags(newFile)
 
 		hasher := manager.config.NewFileHasher()
 

src/duplicacy_entry.go

@@ -4,6 +4,8 @@
 package duplicacy
 
 import (
+	"bytes"
+	"crypto/sha256"
 	"encoding/base64"
 	"encoding/json"
 	"fmt"
@@ -15,12 +17,10 @@ import (
 	"sort"
 	"strconv"
 	"strings"
+	"syscall"
 	"time"
-	"bytes"
-	"crypto/sha256"
-
-    "github.com/vmihailenco/msgpack"
 
+	"github.com/vmihailenco/msgpack"
 )
 
 // This is the hidden directory in the repository for storing various files.
@@ -110,15 +110,36 @@ func (entry *Entry) Copy() *Entry {
 		UID: entry.UID,
 		GID: entry.GID,
 
-		StartChunk: entry.StartChunk,
+		StartChunk:  entry.StartChunk,
 		StartOffset: entry.StartOffset,
-		EndChunk: entry.EndChunk,
+		EndChunk:    entry.EndChunk,
-		EndOffset: entry.EndOffset,
+		EndOffset:   entry.EndOffset,
 
 		Attributes: entry.Attributes,
 	}
 }
 
+func (entry *Entry) HardLinkTo(target *Entry, startChunk int, endChunk int) *Entry {
+	return &Entry{
+		Path: entry.Path,
+		Size: target.Size,
+		Time: target.Time,
+		Mode: target.Mode,
+		Link: entry.Link,
+		Hash: target.Hash,
+
+		UID: target.UID,
+		GID: target.GID,
+
+		StartChunk:  startChunk,
+		StartOffset: target.StartOffset,
+		EndChunk:    endChunk,
+		EndOffset:   target.EndOffset,
+
+		Attributes: target.Attributes,
+	}
+}
+
 // CreateEntryFromJSON creates an entry from a json description.
 func (entry *Entry) UnmarshalJSON(description []byte) (err error) {
 
@@ -362,12 +383,12 @@ func (entry *Entry) EncodeMsgpack(encoder *msgpack.Encoder) error {
 
 	if entry.Attributes != nil {
 		attributes := make([]string, numberOfAttributes)
-        i := 0
+		i := 0
-        for attribute := range *entry.Attributes {
+		for attribute := range *entry.Attributes {
-            attributes[i] = attribute
+			attributes[i] = attribute
-            i++
+			i++
-        }
+		}
-        sort.Strings(attributes)
+		sort.Strings(attributes)
 		for _, attribute := range attributes {
 			err = encoder.EncodeString(attribute)
 			if err != nil {
@@ -380,7 +401,7 @@ func (entry *Entry) EncodeMsgpack(encoder *msgpack.Encoder) error {
 		}
 	}
 
-    return nil
+	return nil
 }
 
 func (entry *Entry) DecodeMsgpack(decoder *msgpack.Decoder) error {
@@ -492,14 +513,22 @@ func (entry *Entry) IsComplete() bool {
 	return entry.Size >= 0
 }
 
+func (entry *Entry) IsHardlinkedFrom() bool {
+	return entry.IsFile() && len(entry.Link) > 0 && entry.Link != "/"
+}
+
+func (entry *Entry) IsHardlinkRoot() bool {
+	return entry.IsFile() && entry.Link == "/"
+}
+
 func (entry *Entry) GetPermissions() os.FileMode {
 	return os.FileMode(entry.Mode) & fileModeMask
 }
 
 func (entry *Entry) GetParent() string {
 	path := entry.Path
-	if path != "" && path[len(path) - 1] == '/' {
+	if path != "" && path[len(path)-1] == '/' {
-		path = path[:len(path) - 1]
+		path = path[:len(path)-1]
 	}
 	i := strings.LastIndex(path, "/")
 	if i == -1 {
@@ -596,7 +625,7 @@ func ComparePaths(left string, right string) int {
 	for i := p; i < len(left); i++ {
 		c3 = left[i]
 		if c3 == '/' {
-			last1 = i == len(left) - 1
+			last1 = i == len(left)-1
 			break
 		}
 	}
@@ -606,7 +635,7 @@ func ComparePaths(left string, right string) int {
 	for i := p; i < len(right); i++ {
 		c4 = right[i]
 		if c4 == '/' {
-			last2 = i == len(right) - 1
+			last2 = i == len(right)-1
 			break
 		}
 	}
@@ -694,10 +723,27 @@ func (files FileInfoCompare) Less(i, j int) bool {
 	}
 }
 
+type listEntryLinkKey struct {
+	dev uint64
+	ino uint64
+}
+
+type ListingState struct {
+	linkIndex int
+	linkTable map[listEntryLinkKey]int // map unique inode details to initially found path
+}
+
+func NewListingState() *ListingState {
+	return &ListingState{
+		linkTable: make(map[listEntryLinkKey]int),
+	}
+}
+
 // ListEntries returns a list of entries representing file and subdirectories under the directory 'path'.  Entry paths
 // are normalized as relative to 'top'.  'patterns' are used to exclude or include certain files.
-func ListEntries(top string, path string, patterns []string, nobackupFile string, excludeByAttribute bool, listingChannel chan *Entry) (directoryList []*Entry,
+func ListEntries(top string, path string, patterns []string, nobackupFile string, excludeByAttribute bool,
-	skippedFiles []string, err error) {
+	listingState *ListingState,
+	listingChannel chan *Entry) (directoryList []*Entry, skippedFiles []string, err error) {
 
 	LOG_DEBUG("LIST_ENTRIES", "Listing %s", path)
 
@@ -771,6 +817,30 @@ func ListEntries(top string, path string, patterns []string, nobackupFile string
 			}
 		}
 
+		if f.Mode()&(os.ModeNamedPipe|os.ModeSocket|os.ModeDevice) != 0 {
+			LOG_WARN("LIST_SKIP", "Skipped non-regular file %s", entry.Path)
+			skippedFiles = append(skippedFiles, entry.Path)
+			continue
+		}
+
+		var linkKey *listEntryLinkKey
+
+		if stat, ok := f.Sys().(*syscall.Stat_t); entry.IsFile() && ok && stat != nil && stat.Nlink > 1 {
+			k := listEntryLinkKey{dev: uint64(stat.Dev), ino: uint64(stat.Ino)}
+			if linkIndex, seen := listingState.linkTable[k]; seen {
+				if linkIndex == -1 {
+					LOG_DEBUG("LIST_EXCLUDE", "%s is excluded by attribute (hardlink)", entry.Path)
+					continue
+				}
+				entry.Size = 0
+				entry.Link = strconv.FormatInt(int64(linkIndex), 16)
+			} else {
+				entry.Link = "/"
+				listingState.linkTable[k] = -1
+				linkKey = &k
+			}
+		}
+
 		entry.ReadAttributes(top)
 
 		if excludeByAttribute && entry.Attributes != nil && excludedByAttribute(*entry.Attributes) {
@@ -778,10 +848,9 @@ func ListEntries(top string, path string, patterns []string, nobackupFile string
 			continue
 		}
 
-		if f.Mode()&(os.ModeNamedPipe|os.ModeSocket|os.ModeDevice) != 0 {
+		if linkKey != nil {
-			LOG_WARN("LIST_SKIP", "Skipped non-regular file %s", entry.Path)
+			listingState.linkTable[*linkKey] = listingState.linkIndex
-			skippedFiles = append(skippedFiles, entry.Path)
+			listingState.linkIndex++
-			continue
 		}
 
 		if entry.IsDir() {

src/duplicacy_entry_test.go

@@ -5,6 +5,8 @@
 package duplicacy
 
 import (
+	"bytes"
+	"encoding/json"
 	"io/ioutil"
 	"math/rand"
 	"os"
@@ -13,11 +15,10 @@ import (
 	"sort"
 	"strings"
 	"testing"
-	"bytes"
-	"encoding/json"
 
-	"github.com/gilbertchen/xattr"
+	"github.com/pkg/xattr"
-    "github.com/vmihailenco/msgpack"
+
+	"github.com/vmihailenco/msgpack"
 )
 
 func TestEntrySort(t *testing.T) {
@@ -175,7 +176,7 @@ func TestEntryOrder(t *testing.T) {
 	directories = append(directories, CreateEntry("", 0, 0, 0))
 
 	entries := make([]*Entry, 0, 4)
-    entryChannel := make(chan *Entry, 1024)
+	entryChannel := make(chan *Entry, 1024)
 	entries = append(entries, CreateEntry("", 0, 0, 0))
 
 	for len(directories) > 0 {
@@ -233,8 +234,16 @@ func TestEntryOrder(t *testing.T) {
 // TestEntryExcludeByAttribute tests the excludeByAttribute parameter to the ListEntries function
 func TestEntryExcludeByAttribute(t *testing.T) {
 
-	if !(runtime.GOOS == "darwin" || runtime.GOOS == "linux") {
+	var excludeAttrName string
-		t.Skip("skipping test not darwin or linux")
+	var excludeAttrValue []byte
+
+	if runtime.GOOS == "darwin" {
+		excludeAttrName = "com.apple.metadata:com_apple_backup_excludeItem"
+		excludeAttrValue = []byte("com.apple.backupd")
+	} else if runtime.GOOS == "linux" || runtime.GOOS == "freebsd" || runtime.GOOS == "netbsd" || runtime.GOOS == "solaris" {
+		excludeAttrName = "user.duplicacy_exclude"
+	} else {
+		t.Skip("skipping test, not darwin, linux, freebsd, netbsd, or solaris")
 	}
 
 	testDir := filepath.Join(os.TempDir(), "duplicacy_test")
@@ -273,7 +282,7 @@ func TestEntryExcludeByAttribute(t *testing.T) {
 	for _, file := range DATA {
 		fullPath := filepath.Join(testDir, file)
 		if strings.Contains(file, "exclude") {
-			xattr.Setxattr(fullPath, "com.apple.metadata:com_apple_backup_excludeItem", []byte("com.apple.backupd"))
+			xattr.Set(fullPath, excludeAttrName, excludeAttrValue)
 		}
 	}
 
@@ -372,4 +381,4 @@ func TestEntryEncoding(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Error("Decoded entry is different than the original one")
 	}
 
-}
+}

src/duplicacy_s3storage.go

@@ -90,48 +90,40 @@ func (storage *S3Storage) ListFiles(threadIndex int, dir string) (files []string
 
 	if dir == "snapshots/" {
 		dir = storage.storageDir + dir
-		input := s3.ListObjectsInput{
+		input := s3.ListObjectsV2Input{
 			Bucket:    aws.String(storage.bucket),
 			Prefix:    aws.String(dir),
 			Delimiter: aws.String("/"),
-			MaxKeys:   aws.Int64(1000),
 		}
 
-		output, err := storage.client.ListObjects(&input)
+		err := storage.client.ListObjectsV2Pages(&input, func(page *s3.ListObjectsV2Output, lastPage bool) bool {
+			for _, subDir := range page.CommonPrefixes {
+				files = append(files, (*subDir.Prefix)[len(dir):])
+			}
+			return true
+		})
 		if err != nil {
 			return nil, nil, err
 		}
 
-		for _, subDir := range output.CommonPrefixes {
-			files = append(files, (*subDir.Prefix)[len(dir):])
-		}
 		return files, nil, nil
 	} else {
 		dir = storage.storageDir + dir
-		marker := ""
+		input := s3.ListObjectsV2Input{
-		for {
+			Bucket:  aws.String(storage.bucket),
-			input := s3.ListObjectsInput{
+			Prefix:  aws.String(dir),
-				Bucket:  aws.String(storage.bucket),
+			MaxKeys: aws.Int64(1000),
-				Prefix:  aws.String(dir),
+		}
-				MaxKeys: aws.Int64(1000),
-				Marker:  aws.String(marker),
-			}
 
-			output, err := storage.client.ListObjects(&input)
+		err := storage.client.ListObjectsV2Pages(&input, func(page *s3.ListObjectsV2Output, lastPage bool) bool {
-			if err != nil {
+			for _, object := range page.Contents {
-				return nil, nil, err
-			}
-
-			for _, object := range output.Contents {
 				files = append(files, (*object.Key)[len(dir):])
 				sizes = append(sizes, *object.Size)
 			}
-
+			return true
-			if !*output.IsTruncated {
+		})
-				break
+		if err != nil {
-			}
+			return nil, nil, err
-
-			marker = *output.Contents[len(output.Contents)-1].Key
 		}
 		return files, sizes, nil
 	}

src/duplicacy_snapshot.go

@@ -68,6 +68,7 @@ func (snapshot *Snapshot) ListLocalFiles(top string, nobackupFile string,
 								         skippedDirectories *[]string, skippedFiles *[]string) {
 
 	var patterns []string
+	listingState := NewListingState()
 
 	if filtersFile == "" {
 		filtersFile = joinPath(GetDuplicacyPreferencePath(), "filters")
@@ -81,7 +82,7 @@ func (snapshot *Snapshot) ListLocalFiles(top string, nobackupFile string,
 
 		directory := directories[len(directories)-1]
 		directories = directories[:len(directories)-1]
-		subdirectories, skipped, err := ListEntries(top, directory.Path, patterns, nobackupFile, excludeByAttribute, listingChannel)
+		subdirectories, skipped, err := ListEntries(top, directory.Path, patterns, nobackupFile, excludeByAttribute, listingState, listingChannel)
 		if err != nil {
 			if directory.Path == "" {
 				LOG_ERROR("LIST_FAILURE", "Failed to list the repository root: %v", err)

src/duplicacy_utils_bsd_common.go

@@ -0,0 +1,90 @@
+// Copyright (c) Acrosync LLC. All rights reserved.
+// Free for personal use and commercial trial
+// Commercial use requires per-user licenses available from https://duplicacy.com
+
+//go:build freebsd || netbsd || darwin
+// +build freebsd netbsd darwin
+
+package duplicacy
+
+import (
+	"encoding/binary"
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"bytes"
+	"syscall"
+
+	"github.com/pkg/xattr"
+)
+
+const bsdFileFlagsKey = "\x00bf"
+
+func (entry *Entry) ReadAttributes(top string) {
+	fullPath := filepath.Join(top, entry.Path)
+	fileInfo, err := os.Lstat(fullPath)
+	if err != nil {
+		return
+	}
+	attributes, _ := xattr.LList(fullPath)
+	if len(attributes) > 0 {
+		entry.Attributes = &map[string][]byte{}
+		for _, name := range attributes {
+			attribute, err := xattr.LGet(fullPath, name)
+			if err == nil {
+				(*entry.Attributes)[name] = attribute
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	if err := entry.readFileFlags(fileInfo); err != nil {
+		LOG_INFO("ATTR_BACKUP", "Could not backup flags for file %s: %v", fullPath, err)
+	}
+}
+
+func (entry *Entry) SetAttributesToFile(fullPath string) {
+	names, _ := xattr.LList(fullPath)
+	for _, name := range names {
+		newAttribute, found := (*entry.Attributes)[name]
+		if found {
+			oldAttribute, _ := xattr.LGet(fullPath, name)
+			if !bytes.Equal(oldAttribute, newAttribute) {
+				xattr.LSet(fullPath, name, newAttribute)
+			}
+			delete(*entry.Attributes, name)
+		} else {
+			xattr.LRemove(fullPath, name)
+		}
+	}
+
+	for name, attribute := range *entry.Attributes {
+		if len(name) > 0 && name[0] == '\x00' {
+			continue
+		}
+		xattr.LSet(fullPath, name, attribute)
+	}
+	if err := entry.restoreLateFileFlags(fullPath); err != nil {
+		LOG_DEBUG("ATTR_RESTORE", "Could not restore flags for file %s: %v", fullPath, err)
+	}
+}
+
+func (entry *Entry) readFileFlags(fileInfo os.FileInfo) error {
+	stat, ok := fileInfo.Sys().(*syscall.Stat_t)
+	if ok && stat.Flags != 0 {
+		if entry.Attributes == nil {
+			entry.Attributes = &map[string][]byte{}
+		}
+		v := make([]byte, 4)
+		binary.LittleEndian.PutUint32(v, stat.Flags)
+		(*entry.Attributes)[bsdFileFlagsKey] = v
+		LOG_DEBUG("ATTR_READ", "Read flags 0x%x for %s", stat.Flags, entry.Path)
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (entry *Entry) RestoreEarlyDirFlags(path string) error {
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (entry *Entry) RestoreEarlyFileFlags(f *os.File) error {
+	return nil
+}
+

src/duplicacy_utils_darwin.go

@@ -5,10 +5,29 @@
 package duplicacy
 
 import (
+	"os"
+	"syscall"
 	"strings"
+	"encoding/binary"
 )
 
-func excludedByAttribute(attirbutes map[string][]byte) bool {
+func excludedByAttribute(attributes map[string][]byte) bool {
-	value, ok := attirbutes["com.apple.metadata:com_apple_backup_excludeItem"]
+	value, ok := attributes["com.apple.metadata:com_apple_backup_excludeItem"]
 	return ok && strings.Contains(string(value), "com.apple.backupd")
 }
+
+func (entry *Entry) restoreLateFileFlags(path string) error {
+	if entry.Attributes == nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+	if v, have := (*entry.Attributes)[bsdFileFlagsKey]; have {
+		f, err := os.OpenFile(path, os.O_RDONLY|syscall.O_SYMLINK, 0)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		err = syscall.Fchflags(int(f.Fd()), int(binary.LittleEndian.Uint32(v)))
+		f.Close()
+		return err
+	}
+	return nil
+}

src/duplicacy_utils_linux.go

@@ -5,9 +5,218 @@
 package duplicacy
 
 import (
+	"bytes"
+	"encoding/binary"
+	"os"
+	"syscall"
+	"unsafe"
+	"path/filepath"
+
+	"github.com/pkg/xattr"
 )
 
-func excludedByAttribute(attirbutes map[string][]byte) bool {
+const (
-	_, ok := attirbutes["duplicacy_exclude"]
+	linux_FS_SECRM_FL        = 0x00000001 /* Secure deletion */
+	linux_FS_UNRM_FL         = 0x00000002 /* Undelete */
+	linux_FS_COMPR_FL        = 0x00000004 /* Compress file */
+	linux_FS_SYNC_FL         = 0x00000008 /* Synchronous updates */
+	linux_FS_IMMUTABLE_FL    = 0x00000010 /* Immutable file */
+	linux_FS_APPEND_FL       = 0x00000020 /* writes to file may only append */
+	linux_FS_NODUMP_FL       = 0x00000040 /* do not dump file */
+	linux_FS_NOATIME_FL      = 0x00000080 /* do not update atime */
+	linux_FS_NOCOMP_FL       = 0x00000400 /* Don't compress */
+	linux_FS_JOURNAL_DATA_FL = 0x00004000 /* Reserved for ext3 */
+	linux_FS_NOTAIL_FL       = 0x00008000 /* file tail should not be merged */
+	linux_FS_DIRSYNC_FL      = 0x00010000 /* dirsync behaviour (directories only) */
+	linux_FS_TOPDIR_FL       = 0x00020000 /* Top of directory hierarchies*/
+	linux_FS_NOCOW_FL        = 0x00800000 /* Do not cow file */
+	linux_FS_PROJINHERIT_FL  = 0x20000000 /* Create with parents projid */
+
+	linux_FS_IOC_GETFLAGS uintptr = 0x80086601
+	linux_FS_IOC_SETFLAGS uintptr = 0x40086602
+
+	linuxIocFlagsFileEarly = linux_FS_SECRM_FL | linux_FS_UNRM_FL | linux_FS_COMPR_FL | linux_FS_NODUMP_FL | linux_FS_NOATIME_FL | linux_FS_NOCOMP_FL | linux_FS_JOURNAL_DATA_FL | linux_FS_NOTAIL_FL | linux_FS_NOCOW_FL
+	linuxIocFlagsDirEarly  = linux_FS_TOPDIR_FL | linux_FS_PROJINHERIT_FL
+	linuxIocFlagsLate      = linux_FS_SYNC_FL | linux_FS_IMMUTABLE_FL | linux_FS_APPEND_FL | linux_FS_DIRSYNC_FL
+
+	linuxFileFlagsKey = "\x00lf"
+)
+
+func ioctl(f *os.File, request uintptr, attrp *uint32) error {
+	argp := uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(attrp))
+
+	if _, _, errno := syscall.Syscall(syscall.SYS_IOCTL, f.Fd(), request, argp); errno != 0 {
+		return os.NewSyscallError("ioctl", errno)
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+type xattrHandle struct {
+	f *os.File
+	fullPath string
+}
+
+func (x xattrHandle) list() ([]string, error) {
+	if x.f != nil {
+		return xattr.FList(x.f)
+	} else {
+		return xattr.LList(x.fullPath)
+	}
+}
+
+func (x xattrHandle) get(name string) ([]byte, error) {
+	if x.f != nil {
+		return xattr.FGet(x.f, name)
+	} else {
+		return xattr.LGet(x.fullPath, name)
+	}
+}
+
+func (x xattrHandle) set(name string, value []byte) error {
+	if x.f != nil {
+		return xattr.FSet(x.f, name, value)
+	} else {
+		return xattr.LSet(x.fullPath, name, value)
+	}
+}
+
+func (x xattrHandle) remove(name string) error {
+	if x.f != nil {
+		return xattr.FRemove(x.f, name)
+	} else {
+		return xattr.LSet(x.fullPath, name)
+	}
+}
+
+func (entry *Entry) ReadAttributes(top string) {
+	x := xattrHandle{nil, filepath.Join(top, entry.Path)}
+
+	if !entry.IsLink() {
+		x.f, err := os.OpenFile(fullPath, os.O_RDONLY|syscall.O_NOFOLLOW|syscall.O_NONBLOCK, 0)
+		if err != nil {
+			// FIXME: We really should return errors for failure to read
+			return
+		}
+	}
+
+	attributes, _ := x.list()
+
+	if len(attributes) > 0 {
+		entry.Attributes = &map[string][]byte{}
+	}
+	for _, name := range attributes {
+		attribute, err := x.get(f, name)
+		if err == nil {
+			(*entry.Attributes)[name] = attribute
+		}
+	}
+
+	if entry.IsFile() || entry.IsDir() {
+		if err := entry.readFileFlags(x.f); err != nil {
+			LOG_INFO("ATTR_BACKUP", "Could not backup flags for file %s: %v", fullPath, err)
+		}
+	}
+	f.Close()
+}
+
+func (entry *Entry) SetAttributesToFile(fullPath string) {
+	x := xattrHandle{nil, fullPath}
+	if !entry.IsLink() {
+		x.f, err := os.OpenFile(fullPath, os.O_RDONLY|syscall.O_NOFOLLOW, 0)
+		if err != nil {
+			return
+		}
+	}
+
+	names, _ := x.list()
+
+	for _, name := range names {
+		newAttribute, found := (*entry.Attributes)[name]
+		if found {
+			oldAttribute, _ := x.get(name)
+			if !bytes.Equal(oldAttribute, newAttribute) {
+				x.set(name, newAttribute)
+			}
+			delete(*entry.Attributes, name)
+		} else {
+			x.remove(name)
+		}
+	}
+
+	for name, attribute := range *entry.Attributes {
+		if len(name) > 0 && name[0] == '\x00' {
+			continue
+		}
+		x.set(name, attribute)
+	}
+	if entry.IsFile() || entry.IsDir() {
+		if err := entry.restoreLateFileFlags(f); err != nil {
+			LOG_DEBUG("ATTR_RESTORE", "Could not restore flags for file %s: %v", fullPath, err)
+		}
+	}
+	f.Close()
+}
+
+func (entry *Entry) readFileFlags(f *os.File) error {
+	var flags uint32
+	if err := ioctl(f, linux_FS_IOC_GETFLAGS, &flags); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	if flags != 0 {
+		if entry.Attributes == nil {
+			entry.Attributes = &map[string][]byte{}
+		}
+		v := make([]byte, 4)
+		binary.LittleEndian.PutUint32(v, flags)
+		(*entry.Attributes)[linuxFileFlagsKey] = v
+		LOG_DEBUG("ATTR_READ", "Read flags 0x%x for %s", flags, entry.Path)
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (entry *Entry) RestoreEarlyDirFlags(path string) error {
+	if entry.Attributes == nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+	if v, have := (*entry.Attributes)[linuxFileFlagsKey]; have {
+		flags := binary.LittleEndian.Uint32(v) & linuxIocFlagsDirEarly
+		f, err := os.OpenFile(path, os.O_RDONLY|syscall.O_DIRECTORY, 0)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		LOG_DEBUG("ATTR_RESTORE", "Restore dir flags (early) 0x%x for %s", flags, entry.Path)
+		err = ioctl(f, linux_FS_IOC_SETFLAGS, &flags)
+		f.Close()
+		return err
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (entry *Entry) RestoreEarlyFileFlags(f *os.File) error {
+	if entry.Attributes == nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+	if v, have := (*entry.Attributes)[linuxFileFlagsKey]; have {
+		flags := binary.LittleEndian.Uint32(v) & linuxIocFlagsFileEarly
+		LOG_DEBUG("ATTR_RESTORE", "Restore flags (early) 0x%x for %s", flags, entry.Path)
+		return ioctl(f, linux_FS_IOC_SETFLAGS, &flags)
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (entry *Entry) restoreLateFileFlags(f *os.File) error {
+	if entry.Attributes == nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+	if v, have := (*entry.Attributes)[linuxFileFlagsKey]; have {
+		flags := binary.LittleEndian.Uint32(v) & (linuxIocFlagsFileEarly | linuxIocFlagsDirEarly | linuxIocFlagsLate)
+		LOG_DEBUG("ATTR_RESTORE", "Restore flags (late) 0x%x for %s", flags, entry.Path)
+		return ioctl(f, linux_FS_IOC_SETFLAGS, &flags)
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func excludedByAttribute(attributes map[string][]byte) bool {
+	_, ok := attributes["user.duplicacy_exclude"]
 	return ok
 }

src/duplicacy_utils_others.go

@@ -2,18 +2,15 @@
 // Free for personal use and commercial trial
 // Commercial use requires per-user licenses available from https://duplicacy.com
 
+//go:build !windows
 // +build !windows
 
 package duplicacy
 
 import (
-	"bytes"
 	"os"
 	"path"
-	"path/filepath"
 	"syscall"
-
-	"github.com/pkg/xattr"
 )
 
 func Readlink(path string) (isRegular bool, s string, err error) {
@@ -47,45 +44,6 @@ func SetOwner(fullPath string, entry *Entry, fileInfo *os.FileInfo) bool {
 	return true
 }
 
-func (entry *Entry) ReadAttributes(top string) {
-
-	fullPath := filepath.Join(top, entry.Path)
-	attributes, _ := xattr.List(fullPath)
-	if len(attributes) > 0 {
-		entry.Attributes = &map[string][]byte{}
-		for _, name := range attributes {
-			attribute, err := xattr.Get(fullPath, name)
-			if err == nil {
-				(*entry.Attributes)[name] = attribute
-			}
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-func (entry *Entry) SetAttributesToFile(fullPath string) {
-	names, _ := xattr.List(fullPath)
-
-	for _, name := range names {
-
-
-		newAttribute, found := (*entry.Attributes)[name]
-		if found {
-			oldAttribute, _ := xattr.Get(fullPath, name)
-			if !bytes.Equal(oldAttribute, newAttribute) {
-				xattr.Set(fullPath, name, newAttribute)
-			}
-			delete(*entry.Attributes, name)
-		} else {
-			xattr.Remove(fullPath, name)
-		}
-	}
-
-	for name, attribute := range *entry.Attributes {
-		xattr.Set(fullPath, name, attribute)
-	}
-
-}
-
 func joinPath(components ...string) string {
 	return path.Join(components...)
 }

src/duplicacy_utils_posix.go

@@ -2,12 +2,12 @@
 // Free for personal use and commercial trial
 // Commercial use requires per-user licenses available from https://duplicacy.com
 
+//go:build freebsd || netbsd || solaris
+// +build freebsd netbsd solaris
+
 package duplicacy
 
-import (
+func excludedByAttribute(attributes map[string][]byte) bool {
-)
+	_, ok := attributes["user.duplicacy_exclude"]
-
-func excludedByAttribute(attirbutes map[string][]byte) bool {
-	_, ok := attirbutes["duplicacy_exclude"]
 	return ok
-}
+}

src/duplicacy_utils_windows.go

@@ -132,6 +132,18 @@ func SplitDir(fullPath string) (dir string, file string) {
 	return fullPath[:i+1], fullPath[i+1:]
 }
 
-func excludedByAttribute(attirbutes map[string][]byte) bool {
+func (entry *Entry) ReadFileFlags(f *os.File) error {
-	return false
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (entry *Entry) RestoreEarlyDirFlags(path string) error {
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (entry *Entry) RestoreEarlyFileFlags(f *os.File) error {
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (entry *Entry) RestoreLateFileFlags(f *os.File) error {
+	return nil
 }

src/duplicacy_utils_xbsd.go

@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+// Copyright (c) Acrosync LLC. All rights reserved.
+// Free for personal use and commercial trial
+// Commercial use requires per-user licenses available from https://duplicacy.com
+
+//go:build freebsd || netbsd
+// +build freebsd netbsd
+
+package duplicacy
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"encoding/binary"
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"syscall"
+
+	"github.com/pkg/xattr"
+)
+
+func (entry *Entry) restoreLateFileFlags(path string) error {
+	if entry.Attributes == nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+	if v, have := (*entry.Attributes)[bsdFileFlagsKey]; have {
+		if _, _, errno := syscall.Syscall(syscall.SYS_LCHFLAGS, uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(syscall.StringBytePtr(path))), uintptr(v), 0); errno != 0 {
+			return os.NewSyscallError("lchflags", errno)
+		}
+	}
+	return nil
+}